The San Antonio and Plano school districts announced this week that they will look into closing campuses, citing population declines among children and competition from charters.
The urban and suburban districts are different in size and demographics, but neither has been immune to the troubles affecting other school districts across the state, including rising costs and declining student enrollment.
The San Antonio Independent School District, home to almost 50,000 students, announced Monday that they would recommend 19 schools to close. Seventeen would close within the 2023-2024 school year. The move would save the school district from a $300 million budget shortfall in the near future, officials said.
Superintendent Jaime Aquino said enrollment losses, lack of affordable housing, a declining birthrate and not having gradually closed campuses earlier led the district to recommend the closures. Since 1998, the district has lost over 18,000 students.
鈥淭he [school] board was concerned that the result of these trends was a growing and unintended inequitable distribution of student-driven resources, not just [of] revenue but of money and spaces,鈥� Aquino said.
Teri Castillo, a San Antonio City Council member, said five of the campuses slated to close are in her district and that the process is moving too fast.
鈥淚f equity is an integral part of this process, it is difficult to find its role in this preliminary list of school closures,鈥� Castillo said. 鈥淎 majority of which are in historically underserved parts of our city, particularly in the West, East, and South sides of San Antonio.鈥�
Then on Tuesday, the Plano Independent School District announced that it would look into forming a committee that would evaluate enrollment trends, facility assessments and demographic data before deciding whether closures are needed.
Plano, long seen as a booming suburb with great schools, has seen a decline in the last decade in the number of children under the age of 18 and in the average family size, according to U.S. Census data. The district, which had about 55,000 students about a decade ago, has lost nearly 10,000 since then.
The pandemic had a direct impact on enrollment and, perhaps more significantly, , a crucial metric that helps determine how much money school districts get from the state. In Texas, if a student misses school, their district鈥檚 attendance average goes down and so does the amount of money it receives. And in a post-COVID-19 world in which parents are quicker to keep their children home if they鈥檙e feeling ill, some districts鈥� finances have become more volatile than ever.
Lawmakers haven鈥檛 made it easier for school districts. They this year鈥檚 regular legislative session without allocating any new funding after failing to reach an agreement on whether to create a school voucher program in the state. Gov. has said he back for a special session on education in October to resolve these issues, but for some districts, it may be too late.
Financial shortfalls have led school districts across the state to adopt, meaning their expenditures outweigh their revenues. Some schools have dipped into their savings to offer teachers minimal raises, balance their budgets or simply keep
Closing schools to save money isn鈥檛 a new strategy but Texas has been seeing more schools go this route, or at least consider it. Last year, the Pflugerville Independent School District officials also closing down schools to save money in the face of declining enrollment. Eventually, the district decided schools after seeking community input.
For administrators in Pflugerville, the blame for the shortfall fell on the state鈥檚 funding system. Texas schools get a base amount of money based on student attendance but school districts believe a more accurate metric 鈥� and one that would bring them more money 鈥� would be basing school funding on average enrollment.
With lawmakers gearing to tackle public education issues again in a few weeks, there is a chance that school districts might receive an influx of cash soon. It鈥檚 unclear whether changes to the funding system would help Plano and San Antonio ISDs prevent school closures.
During the regular session, the only bill that would have provided school districts with more money and slightly changed the funding formula to better reflect enrollment died after Senate Republicans tried to add a school voucher program to it. House lawmakers didn鈥檛 advance the proposal.
Now the question is whether lingering bitterness between the House and the Senate following Attorney General Ken Paxton鈥檚 impeachment trial and acquittal will further sour any hope of good-faith negotiations between the chambers over school vouchers and funding.
鈥淲e need to start off with the reality that school choice was already rejected multiple times by the Texas House,鈥� said Mark Jones, a political science professor at Rice University. 鈥淣ow, any desire that the House might have had to work with the Senate and the governor was obliterated on Saturday with the acquittal of Attorney General Paxton.鈥�
Monty Exter, director of governmental relations at the Association of Texas Professional Educators, said school closures are complicated and very unpopular, but certain demographic shifts, such as fewer children being born and housing costs rising, leaves school districts with no choice.
On top of that, lawmakers failed to increase funding proportionate to the rise of inflation, creating more financial issues for schools.
鈥淒istricts are in a really hard spot with these decisions,鈥� he said. 鈥淎t the same time, it is to some extent, beyond the district's ability to control these situations.鈥�