As countries across the world unite in their opposition to Russia鈥檚 unprovoked , one of the United States鈥� closest allies and a major trade partner with Texas has so far refused to punish Russian President Vladimir Putin.
Mexican President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador said last week the country will not issue economic sanctions on Russia despite countries around the world using to try and weaken Putin鈥檚 regime absent of military intervention.
鈥淲e are not going to take any sort of economic reprisal because we want to have good relations with all the governments in the world," Lopez Obrador said when he made the announcement, Reuters .
, a former Consul General of Mexico in Austin and former Mexican ambassador to China, said Mexico鈥檚 decision has the potential to cause a rift between it and the United States.
鈥淲hat's happening in Ukraine is so heartbreaking. To have a country be indifferent sends such a huge message,鈥� said Guajardo in an interview with The Texas Newsroom. 鈥淪o yes, it will affect Mexico and the United States.鈥�
The Russian government hailed Mexico鈥檚 decision as a signal of the Latin American country鈥檚 commitment to its own independence.
鈥淲e note with satisfaction that the authorities of Mexico refuse to join the anti-Russian sanctions, which shows that its foreign policy is independent," Viktor Koronelli, Russia鈥檚 ambassador to Mexico, said Saturday, to the Russian news agency, TASS.
Guajardo said he was surprised by Mexico鈥檚 stance, noting that it probably originated within Lopez Obrador鈥檚 cabinet and was spearheaded by Mexico鈥檚 foreign secretary Marcelo Ebrard, rather than the president himself, who Guajardo noted is disinterested in most foreign policy.
Mexico did vote in favor of a last week condemning the invasion and demanded a withdrawal of Russian troops in Ukraine, as well evacuating more than two dozen Ukrainians to Mexico last week. But Ebrard said Mexico鈥檚 refusal to impose economic sanctions on Russia was in line with decades of foreign policy that promotes a policy of peace and 鈥渘on-intervention.鈥�
鈥淢exico is not going to participate in any type of sanction other than the multilateral sanctions that the U.N. Security Council approves,鈥� he said. 鈥淭his has historically been our country's position. There is no ambiguity; it is a historical stance, like the principle of non-intervention.鈥�
The Mexican government doubled down on its stance by saying it would not provide Ukraine with weapons, Reuters Friday. "We don't send guns anywhere. We are pacifists," Lopez Obrador said, according to the report.
While some Latin American countries 鈥� specifically Cuba, Venezuela and Nicaragua 鈥� have had strong ties to Russia, Mexico has historically been more neutral. Besides tourism, Mexico and Russia aren鈥檛 significant trading partners, Guajardo said.
However, should Mexico keep its current position, Guajardo said there is a chance trade between the United States and Mexico could be affected. The countries abide by regulations set forth in trade pacts like the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, or USMCA, which took the place of the North American Free Trade Agreement.
But those pacts are so dense that there can be some trade practices put in place without dishonoring the entire agreement.
鈥淭here are all these pressure points the U.S. can use against Mexico that when there is goodwill and good relations, they don't,鈥� he said. 鈥淏oth sides can undo a trade relationship while pretending they're still within a free trade agreement, and that's why you need goodwill.鈥�
In 2021, the United States and Mexico conducted more than $660 billion in two-way trade, making Mexico the United States鈥� second largest trading partner behind Canada. About $243 billion of that passed through the Laredo customs district while ports in El Paso accounted for about $85 billion, with ports in Pharr, Eagle Pass and Brownsville also in the top 10. Texas' trade relationship with Mexico provides about鈥�鈥痑ccording to the Texas Economic Development and Tourism office.
How Mexico鈥檚 stance affects that relationship is yet to be seen, but Guajardo said it鈥檚 clear Mexico won鈥檛 be swayed.
鈥淭hey voted at the U.N. against Russia. But they want to have it both ways, and there is no need to have it both ways,鈥� he said. 鈥淭here's no benefit to having it both ways. It would be so simple to just join on the sanctions because not joining doesn't get you any benefit.鈥�
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